TOEIC Part 5 Anchor Drill

Fewer vs Less: Separate Items or One Total Amount

Both answers show a smaller quantity. The fast decision comes from looking immediately after the blank. Find the quantity anchor first, then choose.

Separate people, things, events or steps = fewer
One total amount, measurement or overall level = less

Choose fewer

Choose fewer when the words after the blank show people or things you can separate and count one by one.

Choose less

Choose less when the words after the blank show one total amount, measurement, space, risk or overall level.

How to find the anchor

Do not translate the full sentence first. Look directly after the blank and decide which business picture you can see.

Fewer signals: applicants, complaints, errors, deliveries, approval steps.
Less signals: time, money, traffic, information, energy, risk.

The revised form produced ___ errors.

Answer: fewer

Errors is the anchor. The errors are separate items that can be counted one by one.

The revised form requires ___ time.

Answer: less

Time is the anchor. The sentence shows one total amount of time.

A number does not decide the answer by itself. Ask what the number counts or measures: fewer than 20 employees, but less than 20 minutes.

After the drill

What your result reveals

Your score shows whether you found the words immediately after the blank and recognised either separate people or things, or one total amount or measurement. Use the Review to find the exact quantity anchor before choosing between fewer and less.

If fewer caused problems

Review sentences with separate applicants, complaints, errors, deliveries, records, steps or other items that can be counted one by one.

If less caused problems

Review sentences with one total amount of time, money, traffic, information, equipment, space, energy, risk or work.

If numbers or timing caused problems

Do not choose from the number alone. Ask what it counts or measures: separate employees use fewer; a total period, distance or amount uses less.

Use the Review in this order: check the correct answer, locate the exact anchor, read why it shows separate items or one total amount, then compare the reusable pattern. Do not translate the whole sentence before finding the quantity picture.